292 lines
13 KiB
XML
292 lines
13 KiB
XML
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="module-services-nextcloud">
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<title>Nextcloud</title>
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<para>
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<link xlink:href="https://nextcloud.com/">Nextcloud</link> is an open-source,
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self-hostable cloud platform. The server setup can be automated using
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.enable">services.nextcloud</link>. A
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desktop client is packaged at <literal>pkgs.nextcloud-client</literal>.
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</para>
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<para>
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The current default by NixOS is <package>nextcloud23</package> which is also the latest
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major version available.
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</para>
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<section xml:id="module-services-nextcloud-basic-usage">
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<title>Basic usage</title>
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<para>
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Nextcloud is a PHP-based application which requires an HTTP server
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(<literal><link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.enable">services.nextcloud</link></literal>
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optionally supports
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<literal><link linkend="opt-services.nginx.enable">services.nginx</link></literal>)
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and a database (it's recommended to use
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<literal><link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.enable">services.postgresql</link></literal>).
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</para>
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<para>
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A very basic configuration may look like this:
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<programlisting>{ pkgs, ... }:
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{
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services.nextcloud = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.enable">enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.hostName">hostName</link> = "nextcloud.tld";
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config = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.dbtype">dbtype</link> = "pgsql";
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.dbuser">dbuser</link> = "nextcloud";
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.dbhost">dbhost</link> = "/run/postgresql"; # nextcloud will add /.s.PGSQL.5432 by itself
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.dbname">dbname</link> = "nextcloud";
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.adminpassFile">adminpassFile</link> = "/path/to/admin-pass-file";
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.adminuser">adminuser</link> = "root";
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};
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};
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services.postgresql = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.enable">enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.ensureDatabases">ensureDatabases</link> = [ "nextcloud" ];
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<link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.ensureUsers">ensureUsers</link> = [
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{ name = "nextcloud";
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ensurePermissions."DATABASE nextcloud" = "ALL PRIVILEGES";
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}
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];
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};
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# ensure that postgres is running *before* running the setup
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systemd.services."nextcloud-setup" = {
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requires = ["postgresql.service"];
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after = ["postgresql.service"];
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};
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<link linkend="opt-networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts">networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts</link> = [ 80 443 ];
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}</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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The <literal>hostName</literal> option is used internally to configure an HTTP
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server using <literal><link xlink:href="https://php-fpm.org/">PHP-FPM</link></literal>
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and <literal>nginx</literal>. The <literal>config</literal> attribute set is
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used by the imperative installer and all values are written to an additional file
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to ensure that changes can be applied by changing the module's options.
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</para>
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<para>
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In case the application serves multiple domains (those are checked with
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<literal><link xlink:href="http://php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.server.php">$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']</link></literal>)
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it's needed to add them to
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<literal><link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.config.extraTrustedDomains">services.nextcloud.config.extraTrustedDomains</link></literal>.
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</para>
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<para>
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Auto updates for Nextcloud apps can be enabled using
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<literal><link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.autoUpdateApps.enable">services.nextcloud.autoUpdateApps</link></literal>.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="module-services-nextcloud-pitfalls-during-upgrade">
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<title>Common problems</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<formalpara>
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<title>General notes</title>
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<para>
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Unfortunately Nextcloud appears to be very stateful when it comes to
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managing its own configuration. The config file lives in the home directory
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of the <literal>nextcloud</literal> user (by default
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<literal>/var/lib/nextcloud/config/config.php</literal>) and is also used to
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track several states of the application (e.g., whether installed or not).
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</para>
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</formalpara>
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<para>
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All configuration parameters are also stored in
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<filename>/var/lib/nextcloud/config/override.config.php</filename> which is generated by
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the module and linked from the store to ensure that all values from
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<filename>config.php</filename> can be modified by the module.
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However <filename>config.php</filename> manages the application's state and shouldn't be
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touched manually because of that.
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</para>
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<warning>
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<para>Don't delete <filename>config.php</filename>! This file
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tracks the application's state and a deletion can cause unwanted
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side-effects!</para>
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</warning>
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<warning>
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<para>Don't rerun <literal>nextcloud-occ
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maintenance:install</literal>! This command tries to install the application
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and can cause unwanted side-effects!</para>
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</warning>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<formalpara>
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<title>Multiple version upgrades</title>
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<para>
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Nextcloud doesn't allow to move more than one major-version forward. E.g., if you're on
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<literal>v16</literal>, you cannot upgrade to <literal>v18</literal>, you need to upgrade to
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<literal>v17</literal> first. This is ensured automatically as long as the
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<link linkend="opt-system.stateVersion">stateVersion</link> is declared properly. In that case
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the oldest version available (one major behind the one from the previous NixOS
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release) will be selected by default and the module will generate a warning that reminds
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the user to upgrade to latest Nextcloud <emphasis>after</emphasis> that deploy.
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</para>
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</formalpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<formalpara>
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<title><literal>Error: Command "upgrade" is not defined.</literal></title>
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<para>
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This error usually occurs if the initial installation
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(<command>nextcloud-occ maintenance:install</command>) has failed. After that, the application
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is not installed, but the upgrade is attempted to be executed. Further context can
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be found in <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/111175">NixOS/nixpkgs#111175</link>.
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</para>
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</formalpara>
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<para>
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First of all, it makes sense to find out what went wrong by looking at the logs
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of the installation via <command>journalctl -u nextcloud-setup</command> and try to fix
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the underlying issue.
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If this occurs on an <emphasis>existing</emphasis> setup, this is most likely because
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the maintenance mode is active. It can be deactivated by running
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<command>nextcloud-occ maintenance:mode --off</command>. It's advisable though to
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check the logs first on why the maintenance mode was activated.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<warning><para>Only perform the following measures on
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<emphasis>freshly installed instances!</emphasis></para></warning>
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<para>
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A re-run of the installer can be forced by <emphasis>deleting</emphasis>
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<filename>/var/lib/nextcloud/config/config.php</filename>. This is the only time
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advisable because the fresh install doesn't have any state that can be lost.
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In case that doesn't help, an entire re-creation can be forced via
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<command>rm -rf ~nextcloud/</command>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="module-services-nextcloud-httpd">
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<title>Using an alternative webserver as reverse-proxy (e.g. <literal>httpd</literal>)</title>
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<para>
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By default, <package>nginx</package> is used as reverse-proxy for <package>nextcloud</package>.
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However, it's possible to use e.g. <package>httpd</package> by explicitly disabling
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<package>nginx</package> using <xref linkend="opt-services.nginx.enable" /> and fixing the
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settings <literal>listen.owner</literal> & <literal>listen.group</literal> in the
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<link linkend="opt-services.phpfpm.pools">corresponding <literal>phpfpm</literal> pool</link>.
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</para>
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<para>
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An exemplary configuration may look like this:
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<programlisting>{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.enable">services.nginx.enable</link> = false;
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services.nextcloud = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.enable">enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.hostName">hostName</link> = "localhost";
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/* further, required options */
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};
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<link linkend="opt-services.phpfpm.pools._name_.settings">services.phpfpm.pools.nextcloud.settings</link> = {
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"listen.owner" = config.services.httpd.user;
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"listen.group" = config.services.httpd.group;
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};
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services.httpd = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.enable">enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.adminAddr">adminAddr</link> = "webmaster@localhost";
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.extraModules">extraModules</link> = [ "proxy_fcgi" ];
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virtualHosts."localhost" = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.virtualHosts._name_.documentRoot">documentRoot</link> = config.services.nextcloud.package;
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.virtualHosts._name_.extraConfig">extraConfig</link> = ''
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<Directory "${config.services.nextcloud.package}">
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<FilesMatch "\.php$">
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<If "-f %{REQUEST_FILENAME}">
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SetHandler "proxy:unix:${config.services.phpfpm.pools.nextcloud.socket}|fcgi://localhost/"
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</If>
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</FilesMatch>
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<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
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RewriteEngine On
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RewriteBase /
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RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
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RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
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RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
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RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
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</IfModule>
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DirectoryIndex index.php
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Require all granted
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Options +FollowSymLinks
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</Directory>
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'';
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};
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};
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}</programlisting>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="installing-apps-php-extensions-nextcloud">
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<title>Installing Apps and PHP extensions</title>
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<para>
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Nextcloud apps are installed statefully through the web interface.
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Some apps may require extra PHP extensions to be installed.
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This can be configured with the <xref linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.phpExtraExtensions" /> setting.
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</para>
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<para>
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Alternatively, extra apps can also be declared with the <xref linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.extraApps" /> setting.
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When using this setting, apps can no longer be managed statefully because this can lead to Nextcloud updating apps
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that are managed by Nix. If you want automatic updates it is recommended that you use web interface to install apps.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="module-services-nextcloud-maintainer-info">
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<title>Maintainer information</title>
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<para>
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As stated in the previous paragraph, we must provide a clean upgrade-path for Nextcloud
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since it cannot move more than one major version forward on a single upgrade. This chapter
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adds some notes how Nextcloud updates should be rolled out in the future.
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</para>
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<para>
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While minor and patch-level updates are no problem and can be done directly in the
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package-expression (and should be backported to supported stable branches after that),
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major-releases should be added in a new attribute (e.g. Nextcloud <literal>v19.0.0</literal>
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should be available in <literal>nixpkgs</literal> as <literal>pkgs.nextcloud19</literal>).
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To provide simple upgrade paths it's generally useful to backport those as well to stable
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branches. As long as the package-default isn't altered, this won't break existing setups.
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After that, the versioning-warning in the <literal>nextcloud</literal>-module should be
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updated to make sure that the
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<link linkend="opt-services.nextcloud.package">package</link>-option selects the latest version
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on fresh setups.
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</para>
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<para>
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If major-releases will be abandoned by upstream, we should check first if those are needed
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in NixOS for a safe upgrade-path before removing those. In that case we shold keep those
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packages, but mark them as insecure in an expression like this (in
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<literal><nixpkgs/pkgs/servers/nextcloud/default.nix></literal>):
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<programlisting>/* ... */
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{
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nextcloud17 = generic {
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version = "17.0.x";
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sha256 = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
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eol = true;
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};
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}</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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Ideally we should make sure that it's possible to jump two NixOS versions forward:
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i.e. the warnings and the logic in the module should guard a user to upgrade from a
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Nextcloud on e.g. 19.09 to a Nextcloud on 20.09.
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</para>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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