stdenvNoCC should not inject any C++ standard library, just as it
doesn't inject any C standard library. stdenv still does, but only
indirectly through stdenv.cc. Wrapped clangs can be simplified now that
they don't need to worry about clobbering CoreFoundation when replacing
the C++ standard library implementation.
This generally-good cleanup should assist with debugging some C++
failures in #26805.
vcunat's review:
- let's not switch the default versions of llvm* for now
- the only changes I see is adding python to clang's buildInputs
and using the big so-file as discussed in #12759
(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS -> LLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB)
- in future it will be nice to split libLLVM into a separate output