* Update the installation instructions.
svn path=/nixos/trunk/; revision=34083
This commit is contained in:
Eelco Dolstra
parent
8d568e5a71
commit
b57e12dfee
@ -4,6 +4,23 @@
|
||||
<title>Installation</title>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--===============================================================-->
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Obtaining NixOS</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>NixOS ISO images can be downloaded from the <link
|
||||
xlink:href="http://nixos.org/nixos/download.html">NixOS
|
||||
homepage</link>. These can be burned onto a CD. It is also possible
|
||||
to copy them onto a USB stick and install NixOS from there. For
|
||||
details, see the <link
|
||||
xlink:href="https://nixos.org/wiki/Installing_NixOS_from_a_USB_stick">NixOS
|
||||
Wiki</link>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--===============================================================-->
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
@ -21,8 +38,8 @@
|
||||
<command>ifconfig</command>). Networking is necessary for the
|
||||
installer, since it will download lots of stuff (such as source
|
||||
tarballs or Nixpkgs channel binaries). It’s best if you have a DHCP
|
||||
server on your network. Otherwise configure
|
||||
manually.</para></listitem>
|
||||
server on your network. Otherwise configure networking manually
|
||||
using <command>ifconfig</command>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The NixOS manual is available on virtual console 8
|
||||
(press Alt+F8 to access).</para></listitem>
|
||||
@ -30,6 +47,9 @@
|
||||
<listitem><para>Login as <literal>root</literal>, empty
|
||||
password.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>If you downloaded the graphical ISO image, you can
|
||||
run <command>start xserver</command> to start KDE.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The NixOS installer doesn’t do any partitioning or
|
||||
formatting yet, so you need to that yourself. Use the following
|
||||
commands:
|
||||
@ -39,12 +59,9 @@
|
||||
<listitem><para>For partitioning:
|
||||
<command>fdisk</command>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>For initialising Ext2/Ext3 partitions:
|
||||
<command>mke2fs</command>. Ext3 is recommended; use the
|
||||
<option>-j</option> to create a journalled file system. For
|
||||
faster access to the Nix store, you may also want to use the
|
||||
<option>-O dir_index</option>. It is also recommended that you
|
||||
assign a unique symbolic label to the file system using the option
|
||||
<listitem><para>For initialising Ext4 partitions:
|
||||
<command>mkfs.ext4</command>. It is recommended that you assign a
|
||||
unique symbolic label to the file system using the option
|
||||
<option>-L <replaceable>label</replaceable></option>. This will
|
||||
make the file system configuration independent from device
|
||||
changes.</para></listitem>
|
||||
@ -62,43 +79,42 @@ $ vgcreate MyVolGroup /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1
|
||||
$ lvcreate --size 2G --name bigdisk MyVolGroup
|
||||
$ lvcreate --size 1G --name smalldisk MyVolGroup</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
Possibly you’ll need to do <userinput>initctl start
|
||||
lvm</userinput> after this (TODO: check whether this is
|
||||
needed).</para></listitem>
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>For creating software RAID devices:
|
||||
<listitem><para>For creating software RAID devices, use
|
||||
<command>mdadm</command>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Mount the target file system on
|
||||
<filename>/mnt</filename> on which NixOS would be installed.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Mount the target file system on which NixOS should
|
||||
be installed on <filename>/mnt</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Generate a template configuration for the target system:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The command <command>nixos-option</command> can
|
||||
generate an initial configuration file for you, i.e.,
|
||||
<para>You now need to create a file
|
||||
<filename>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</filename> that
|
||||
specifies the intended configuration of the system. This is
|
||||
because NixOS has a <emphasis>declarative</emphasis> configuration
|
||||
model: you create or edit a description of the configuration that
|
||||
you want to be built and activated, and then NixOS takes care of
|
||||
realising that configuration. The command
|
||||
<command>nixos-option</command> can generate an initial
|
||||
configuration file for you:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nixos-option --install</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
It tries to figure out the modules necessary for mounting the root
|
||||
device, as well as various other hardware characteristics.
|
||||
However, it doesn’t try to figure out the
|
||||
It tries to figure out the kernel modules necessary for mounting
|
||||
the root device, as well as various other hardware
|
||||
characteristics. However, it doesn’t try to figure out the
|
||||
<option>fileSystems</option> option yet.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Edit <filename>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</filename> to
|
||||
configure your system. The installation is declarative; you need to
|
||||
write a description of the configuration that you want to be built and
|
||||
activated. The configuration is specified in a Nix expression and must
|
||||
be stored <emphasis>on the target file system</emphasis>. The text
|
||||
editors <command>nano</command> and <command>vim</command> are
|
||||
available.</para>
|
||||
<para>You should edit
|
||||
<filename>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</filename> to suit your
|
||||
needs. The text editors <command>nano</command> and
|
||||
<command>vim</command> are available.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You need to specify a root file system in
|
||||
<option>fileSystems</option> and the target device for the Grub boot
|
||||
@ -110,16 +126,15 @@ $ nixos-option --install</screen>
|
||||
<option>boot.initrd.kernelModules</option> all kernel modules that
|
||||
are necessary for mounting the root file system, otherwise the
|
||||
installed system will not be able to boot. (If this happens, boot
|
||||
from CD again, mount the target file system on
|
||||
from the CD again, mount the target file system on
|
||||
<filename>/mnt</filename>, fix
|
||||
<filename>/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</filename> and rerun
|
||||
<filename>nixos-install</filename>.)
|
||||
<command>nixos-hardware-scan</command> should figure out the
|
||||
required modules in most cases.</para></note>
|
||||
<filename>nixos-install</filename>.) In most cases,
|
||||
<command>nixos-option --install</command> will figure out the
|
||||
required modules.</para></note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Examples are available in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/nixos/nixos/doc/config-examples</filename> and some
|
||||
actual NixOS configuration can be found at <link
|
||||
<para>Examples of real-world NixOS configuration files can be
|
||||
found at <link
|
||||
xlink:href="https://nixos.org/repos/nix/configurations/trunk/"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
@ -130,6 +145,7 @@ $ nixos-option --install</screen>
|
||||
rather, the build actions that it may spawn) may need quite a bit of
|
||||
RAM, depending on your configuration.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<listitem><para>Optionally, you can run
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
@ -137,6 +153,7 @@ $ nixos-checkout</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
to make the installer use the latest NixOS/Nixpkgs sources from the
|
||||
Subversion repository, rather than the sources on CD.</para></listitem>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Do the installation:
|
||||
|
||||
@ -159,7 +176,7 @@ $ reboot</screen>
|
||||
configurations</emphasis> (initially just one). Every time you
|
||||
change the NixOS configuration (see <xref
|
||||
linkend="sec-changing-config" />), a new item appears in the menu.
|
||||
This allows you to go back easily to another configuration if
|
||||
This allows you to easily roll back to another configuration if
|
||||
something goes wrong.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You should log in and change the <literal>root</literal>
|
||||
@ -192,10 +209,8 @@ $ nix-env -i w3m</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><xref linkend="ex-install-sequence" /> shows a typical sequence
|
||||
of commands for installing NixOS on an empty hard drive (here
|
||||
<filename>/dev/sda). <xref linkend="ex-config" /> shows a
|
||||
corresponding configuration Nix expression.</filename>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<filename>/dev/sda</filename>). <xref linkend="ex-config" /> shows a
|
||||
corresponding configuration Nix expression.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<example xml:id='ex-install-sequence'><title>Commands for installing NixOS on <filename>/dev/sda</filename></title>
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user