Add VMCOREINFO to special Linux Kernel objects

For Python-based object, type, and symbol finders, the vmcoreinfo is a
critical source of information. It can contain addresses necessary for
loading certain information (such as kallsyms). Expose this information
as a special object.

Signed-off-by: Stephen Brennan <stephen.s.brennan@oracle.com>

docs/advanced_usage.rst

@@ -191,3 +191,22 @@ core dumps. These special objects include:
     resorting to architecture-specific logic.
 
     This is *not* available without debugging information.
+
+``VMCOREINFO``
+    Object type: ``const char []``
+
+    This is the data contained in the vmcoreinfo note, which is present either
+    as an ELF note in ``/proc/kcore`` or ELF vmcores, or as a special data
+    section in kdump-formatted vmcores. The vmcoreinfo note contains critical
+    data necessary for interpreting the kernel image, such as KASLR offsets and
+    data structure locations.
+
+    In the Linux kernel, this data is normally stored in a variable called
+    ``vmcoreinfo_data``. However, drgn reads this information from ELF note or
+    from the diskdump header. It is possible (in rare cases, usually with
+    vmcores created by hypervisors) for a vmcore to contain vmcoreinfo which
+    differs from the data in ``vmcoreinfo_data``, so it is important to
+    distinguish the contents. For that reason, we use the name ``VMCOREINFO`` to
+    distinguish it from the kernel variable ``vmcoreinfo_data``.
+
+    This is available without debugging information.

libdrgn/drgn_program_parse_vmcoreinfo.inc.strswitch

@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ struct drgn_error *drgn_program_parse_vmcoreinfo(struct drgn_program *prog,
 						 size_t descsz)
 {
 	struct drgn_error *err;
+
+	prog->vmcoreinfo.raw_size = descsz;
+	prog->vmcoreinfo.raw = memdup(desc, descsz);
+	if (!prog->vmcoreinfo.raw)
+		return &drgn_enomem;
 	for (const char *line = desc, *end = &desc[descsz], *newline;
 	     (newline = memchr(line, '\n', end - line));
 	     line = newline + 1) {

libdrgn/kdump.c

@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ struct drgn_error *drgn_program_set_kdump(struct drgn_program *prog)
 err_platform:
 	prog->has_platform = had_platform;
 err:
+	// Reset anything we parsed from vmcoreinfo
+	free(prog->vmcoreinfo.raw);
+	memset(&prog->vmcoreinfo, 0, sizeof(prog->vmcoreinfo));
 	kdump_free(ctx);
 	return err;
 }

libdrgn/linux_kernel.c

@@ -248,6 +248,26 @@ out:
 	return err;
 }
 
+static struct drgn_error *
+linux_kernel_get_vmcoreinfo(struct drgn_program *prog, struct drgn_object *ret)
+{
+	struct drgn_error *err;
+	struct drgn_qualified_type qualified_type;
+	err = drgn_program_find_primitive_type(prog,
+					       DRGN_C_TYPE_CHAR,
+					       &qualified_type.type);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	qualified_type.qualifiers = DRGN_QUALIFIER_CONST;
+	err = drgn_array_type_create(prog, qualified_type, prog->vmcoreinfo.raw_size,
+				     &drgn_language_c, &qualified_type.type);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	qualified_type.qualifiers = 0;
+	return drgn_object_set_from_buffer(ret, qualified_type, prog->vmcoreinfo.raw,
+					   prog->vmcoreinfo.raw_size, 0, 0);
+}
+
 // The vmemmap address can vary depending on architecture, kernel version,
 // configuration options, and KASLR. However, we can get it generically from the
 // section_mem_map of any valid mem_section.

libdrgn/linux_kernel_object_find.inc.strswitch

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ struct drgn_error *linux_kernel_object_find(const char *name, size_t name_len,
 			if (flags & DRGN_FIND_OBJECT_CONSTANT)
 				return linux_kernel_get_uts_release(prog, ret);
 			break;
+		@case "VMCOREINFO"@
+			if (flags & DRGN_FIND_OBJECT_CONSTANT)
+				return linux_kernel_get_vmcoreinfo(prog, ret);
+			break;
 		@case "jiffies"@
 			if (flags & DRGN_FIND_OBJECT_VARIABLE)
 				return linux_kernel_get_jiffies(prog, ret);

libdrgn/program.c

@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ void drgn_program_deinit(struct drgn_program *prog)
 	drgn_memory_reader_deinit(&prog->reader);
 
 	free(prog->file_segments);
+	free(prog->vmcoreinfo.raw);
 
 #ifdef WITH_LIBKDUMPFILE
 	if (prog->kdump_ctx)
@@ -581,6 +582,7 @@ out_segments:
 out_notes:
 	// Reset anything we parsed from ELF notes.
 	prog->aarch64_insn_pac_mask = 0;
+	free(prog->vmcoreinfo.raw);
 	memset(&prog->vmcoreinfo, 0, sizeof(prog->vmcoreinfo));
 out_platform:
 	prog->has_platform = had_platform;

libdrgn/program.h

@@ -168,6 +168,10 @@ struct drgn_program {
 		bool pgtable_l5_enabled;
 		/** PAGE_SHIFT of the kernel (derived from PAGE_SIZE). */
 		int page_shift;
+
+		/** The original vmcoreinfo data, to expose as an object */
+		char *raw;
+		size_t raw_size;
 	} vmcoreinfo;
 	/*
 	 * Difference between a virtual address in the direct mapping and the